Mu gushaka ubuzima bwiza n'ubwiza, abantu barushaho kwita ku buzima bw'uruhu. Nk'uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gusobanukirwa imiterere y'uruhu, uburyo bwo gupima uruhu burimo kugenda burushaho kuba butandukanye kandi bukoreshwa mu bumenyi.
Kwitegereza uruhu hakoreshejwe amaso gusa ni bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo gupima uruhu. Abaganga b'uruhu b'inzobere cyangwa abahanga mu by'ubwiza bazasuzuma bitonze ibara ry'uruhu, imiterere yarwo, imiterere yarwo, uburyo rumeze, ndetse niba hari utudomo, udukoko, ibisebe n'izindi ndwara zidasanzwe, hanyuma bafate umwanzuro w'ibanze ku buzima bw'uruhu.
Dermoscopy ikoresha ikirahuri cyo mu ntoki gikurura cyane kugira ngo irebe neza utunyangingo duto turi ku ruhu no munsi y’uruhu, nko kwaguka k’imitsi, gusiga ibara ry’uruhu, ibinini, erythema, nibindi, kugira ngo ifashe abaganga kubona ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by’uruhu bigoye kubona n’amaso, ibi bikaba ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma hakiri kare ibisebe nk’uduheri, ibiheri, na kanseri y’uruhu.
Ibizamini by'imiterere y'uruhuishobora gusuzuma neza ibimenyetso bitandukanye by'imiterere y'uruhu. Urugero,ipima ubushuhe bw'uruhuishobora gupima ubushuhe bw'uruhu kugira ngo isobanukirwe urwego rw'ubushuhe bw'uruhu; icyuma gipima ubushuhe bw'uruhu gishobora kumenya ingano y'amavuta asohoka n'uruhu, bityo kikamenya niba uruhu rwumye, rufite amavuta cyangwa ruvanze; kandi umuhanga mu gupima ubushuhe bw'uruhu ashobora gusuzuma ubushuhe n'ubukomere bw'uruhu akoresheje igitutu runaka ku ruhu no gupima umuvuduko warwo n'urugero rwarwo.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, gupima imiterere y’uruhu byagiye bikurura abantu benshi nk'uburyo bushya bwo gupima. Bushobora gusesengura ubwoko bw’uruhu rw’umuntu, bugaha abantu inama zihariye zo kwita ku ruhu hashingiwe ku makuru ajyanye n’imiterere y’uruhu, bugahanura ibibazo by’uruhu bishobora kuvuka mbere y’igihe, kandi bukagera ku kwita ku ruhu neza.
Gupima indwara ni "igipimo ngenderwaho" cyo gusuzuma indwara z'uruhu. Abaganga bazafata ingero z'uruhu barebe ingirangingo z'uruhu bakoresheje mikorosikopi kugira ngo bamenye ubwoko n'ingano y'indwara z'uruhu, bityo habeho ishingiro rikomeye ryo gushyiraho gahunda zo kuvura zikurikira.
Byongeye kandi, hari uburyo bwihariye bwo gupima. Gusuzuma itara rya Wood bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima indwara zimwe na zimwe z’uruhu zifite ibara, nka vitiligo na chloasma. Munsi y’itara rya Wood, izi ndwara zizagaragaza imiterere yihariye y’urumuri. Ibizamini bya patch bikunze gukoreshwa mu gupima indwara z’uruhu zifite allergie nka dermatitis yo mu bwoko bwa contact na eczema.
Birumvikana ko hari ikizamini cy’umwuga kidasenya gikoreshwa cyane mu gucunga ubwiza, ari cyo gukoresha sisitemu y’umwuga yo gusesengura uruhu kugira ngo isesengura neza ibibazo by’uruhu rw’abakiriya bivuye ku bintu byinshi. Hakoreshejwe amatara yihariye, kamera zigaragaza neza imiterere y’uruhu zishobora gusubiza neza imiterere y’uruhu, ndetse zigakoresha algorithme za AI kugira ngo zigaragaze amashusho ya 3D kugira ngo zifashe mu kubaga plastike.
Ni ngombwa kumenya kogupima uruhuInzobere zigomba gukora kugira ngo zirebe neza kandi zizewe ko ibisubizo ari ukuri. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima bukwiriye indwara n'uburwayi bitandukanye by'uruhu. Abaganga bazahitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gupima hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye y'abarwayi kugira ngo barinde ubuzima bw'uruhu rw'abantu kandi bafashe buri wese kwita ku ruhu no kwirinda indwara no kuvura mu buryo bwa siyansi.
Umwanditsi: Irina
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-03-2024
