Igipimo cy'uruhu cya Fitzpatrick ni iki kandi kuki ukwiye kucyitaho?

Mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi bw’uruhu n’ubuvuzi bw’ubwiza, intego nyamukuru ni ugushyira mu byiciro imiterere y’uruhu. Imwe mu ngingo z’ingenzi zo kubigeraho ni ugushyira mu byiciro ubwoko bw’uruhu bwa Fitzpatrick (FST), uburyo bushyira mu byiciro uruhu hashingiwe ku buryo rukira imirasire ya ultraviolet (UV). Mu mateka, kumenya FST y’umuntu byashingiraga ku bibazo by’umuntu ku byerekeye ubushyuhe bw’izuba n’imiterere y’uruhu. Muri iki gihe, haje uburyo bwo gusesengura uruhu neza cyane burimo guhindura iyi gahunda, butanga ibitekerezo bifatika, bishingiye ku makuru, bifungura urwego rudasanzwe rw’ubuvuzi bw’uruhu n’umutekano wo kuvura.

Igipimo cya Fitzpatrick, kuva ku bwoko bwa I (cyane cyane, gihora gishya) kugeza ku bwoko bwa VI (gifite ibara ryinshi, ntigishya), kirenze kure igipimo cy'ibara. Ni ikimenyetso cy'imyitwarire ya melanin, ibisubizo byo gukira, ndetse, ikirenze urugero rw'ibyago ku buryo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Gufata nabi ubu bwoko bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi, kuva ku gushya cyane mu gihe cyo kuvurwa na laser kugeza ku gushyuha cyane nyuma yo kubyimba (PIH) bivuye ku bishishwa bisanzwe. Aha niho isesengura ry'uruhu rigezweho rigaragara ko ari ingenzi. Mu gukoresha amashusho menshi na spectrophotometry igezweho, irenga gukekeranya ku ruhu kugira ngo imenye neza uko melanin ingana n'uko ikwirakwira mu ruhu mu buryo bufatika.

Umusanzu w'ibanze waIsesengura ry'uruhu rigezweho cyaneMuri urwo rwego, ni ukuvanaho ivangura rishingiye ku bitekerezo by’umuntu. Iyo umuganga akoresha igikoresho, afata amakuru afite ubushobozi bwo hejuru aturutse ahantu runaka h’uruhu, akenshi hirindwa izuba, kugira ngo hamenyekane ibara ry’ibanze. Gishobora gusesengura uburyo melanin iteye mu ruhu, kigatanga ikimenyetso cy’urutoki gihuye n’ubwoko bwa Fitzpatrick. Uku gushyira mu byiciro intego ni ingenzi. Urugero, abantu babiri bashobora kugaragara nk’aho basa mu bwoko bwa III bashobora kuba bafite imiterere itandukanye ya melanin, bigatuma umwe aba mu kaga ko kwandura PIH. Isesengura ry’uruhu rigezweho rishobora kubona iki kibazo, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwihariye bwo kubikora.

Mu buvuzi, ubu bushobozi busobanura neza umutekano n'ubushobozi. Ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose bushingiye ku ngufu—nk'ubukureho umusatsi hakoreshejwe laser, IPL, cyangwa kongera gushushanya igice—kumenya FST nyayo ntibishoboka kugira ngo hamenyekane uburebure bw'umurambararo, imiterere y'umuvuduko, n'igihe umutima umara. Isesengura ry'uruhu rigezweho ritanga amakuru akenewe kugira ngo ritunganye ibi bikoresho mu buryo bwizewe. Rituma ababikora bashyiraho ibipimo byibanda ku gipimo cyifuzwa cya chromophore (nk'imitsi y'umusatsi cyangwa imiyoboro y'amaraso) mu gihe birinda melanin ikikije, bityo bikagabanya cyane ibyago byo gushya, uduheri, cyangwa kudakora ibara ry'uruhu.

Byongeye kandi,Isesengura ry'uruhu rigezweho cyaneIfasha mu gukora isuku y'uruhu vuba. Abantu bafite ubwoko bwa Fitzpatrick bwinshi (IV-VI) bakunze kurwara indwara z'amabara nka melasma na PIH. Imashini isesengura irashobora gukurikirana ikusanyirizwa rya melanin ritari mu buryo bw'indwara karekare mbere yuko ibizinga byijimye bigaragara mu maso. Bafite ubumenyi bw'amakarita yabo ya FST n'amakarita y'ibanze y'amabara, abarwayi bashobora gukoresha uburyo bwo kwirinda burimo antioxydants zikwiye, imiti ibuza tyrosinase, no kurinda izuba cyane hakurikijwe imiterere yabo yihariye y'ibyago. Bityo, iyi mashini ihindura uburyo bwo kwirinda kuva ku buryo bwo gukosora bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'ubwenge no mu gihe kirekire.

Uretse kuvurwa,Isesengura ry'uruhu rigezweho cyaneIkora nk'igikoresho cy'ingirakamaro cyo kwigisha no gukurikirana. Igaragariza abarwayi imiterere yihariye n'ibyo bakeneye by'ubwoko bw'uruhu rwabo, bigatuma habaho kubahiriza neza inama z'abahanga. Mu gushyiraho isuzuma ry'ibanze rya Fitzpatrick, gusuzuma nyuma bishobora gukurikirana impinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita, gupima ibara rihamye n'uko uruhu rubyitwaramo mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi bwatanzwe cyangwa ubuvuzi. Ibi bitanga umurongo w'ibitekerezo aho gahunda zo kwita ku ruhu zihora zinonosorwa hashingiwe ku bimenyetso by'ubuhanga.

Mu gusoza, guhuza isuzuma rya Fitzpatrick Skin Type muriIsesengura ry'uruhu rigezweho cyaneIgaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu buvuzi bw'uruhu bw'umuntu ku giti cye. Isimbura gupima no gupima, igahindura ubwoko bw'uruhu rw'umwimerere mu buryo buhindagurika kandi bukungahaye ku makuru menshi. Ubu buryo buha abaganga ubushobozi bwo kunyura mu bibazo by'ibara ry'uruhu bafite icyizere, bakareba ko buri nama—kuva ku imashini igabanya ubushyuhe ya buri munsi kugeza kuri protocole ya laser igezweho—ishingiye ku bumenyi budahinduka bw'uruhu rw'umuntu. Mu kubikora, isesengura ry'uruhu ryimbitse ntirishyira uruhu mu byiciro gusa; ahubwo rifungura uburyo bushya bwo kwita ku ruhu mu buryo bwizewe, bukora neza kandi bujyanye n'imiterere yarwo kuri buri murwayi.

Umwanditsi: henry